How to program a PIC12C508A
The PIC12C508A is a very old chip and can only be programmed one-time.  Use PIC12F629.
PIC16F84A is old and expensive.  Use PIC16F628
 
 

We have been asked by a number of subscribers, to provide the information needed to program a PIC12C508A, in a single article. All the tools, programs and routines to carry out this operation are on our website and it's just a matter of having them all in easy reach. That's what we will do now. To create a program for a PIC12C508A is very easy but since this chip is a one-time programmable (OTP) device, you don't want to waste any during the "development" procedure. It can take up to 100 "tries" before a project is working perfectly. To prevent wastage we have devised a method where you use a PIC16F84A to hold the program during the development stages and when everything is running perfectly, you "burn" a PIC12C508A. For this you need an 8-pin to 18-pin adapter to allow the PIC16F84A to plug into the project requiring a PIC12C508A. This means you are learning to program the PIC16F84A at the same time! All you have to do is put the utilities we have listed below on your desk-top and connect the Multi-Chip Programmer to your serial port and you are ready to start. A little Background The '508A is an 8-pin microcontroller with 5 input/output lines and one input-only line. It has an internal 4MHz clock and can be used for many different applications. The days when an 8-pin chip was just a timer, oscillator, amplifier  or op-amp, have gone. An 8-pin chip can now be a complete dialing alarm or the heart of a random sequencer, a battery monitor or security-code identifier, just to mention a few. We have provided a number of projects on our website that use this chip and Robot Beacon is an ideal staring place. If you are new to electronics, you will need to read our Basic Electronics Course. It gives you all the information about circuit components as well as chips containing gates. The Circuit Symbols Library is the largest on the web and contains every symbol you need.  You will also lean how to interface (connect) items to a chip, including connecting to a microcontroller. The course also covers transistor stages, such as the common emitter stage and you will gain the background you need to understand the symbols in a microcontroller circuit. The next step is the PIC Microcontroller Course. It covers the PIC12C508A and PIC16F84A. These are the two devices we will be using. See the Pinouts.   Here are the steps you will need to put a program into a PIC12C508A: Put the project you are developing on your work-bench. For simplicity, let's say you want to modify the Robot Beacon project. Here is what you will need: (Some of the items are in the PIC Programaming Course. The CD containing this course is available for $9.95) 1. Put Notepad, MPASM and IC Prog on your desktop. Download PIC16F84A datasheet (zip)(800kb) (unzips to pdf) 2. Put the blank template: BlankF84.asm into Notepad and rename it: Beacon-2.asm 3. Read the project: Robot Beacon. 4. Here are the data sheets and files you will need: PIC12c508A Instruction-Set   PIC16F84 Instruction-Set  Library of Circuit Symbols   Hex Addresses. A complete Library of Routines to help you with creating a program is only available in our subscription section. In the Index, the top green frame has a link "Extra Pages."  Click on page "10" and the 185k file will appear. The Library covers everything you will want to do such as "Change direction, Compare, Decrement, Delay, FSR, Increment, Input, Mask, Move, Output, Poll, Return, Rotate, SetUp, Shift, Swap, Table, Toggle, TRIS, Wait, XOR, Zero Flag, and many others. 5. To create a program, you can pull-apart Beacon-1.asm, or start a-fresh by getting the code for SetUp and put it in the file: Beacon-2.asm It's always easiest to pull-apart a previous program, however if you are starting from the beginning, use our preferred method of layout: (SetUp, sub-routines, then Main) and create a sub-routine. Keep Main at the end of your program. The first sub-routine you will need is a Delay routine, so that anything you output to a LED, will be displayed for a period of time so it can be seen. 6. Any program you create will be loaded into a PIC16F84A and tested in the project via the 8-pin to 18-pin adapter. This means you must only use instructions that are common to both chips. All the instructions in SetUp can be understood by a PIC16F84A and PIC12C508A. The layout below shows how to write a program that can be read by the assembler to produce code for both a '508A and 'F84A. Click HEREfor a program you can copy and paste into Notepad.                     ;NewIdea.asmsp;   ;NewIdea.asm                   ;Project: "Rotating xxx" - for F84A and then for a 508A You don't have to put anything here  for: (__CONFIG) as the program below will be assembled in MPASM by selecting 16F84A as the "Processor" (Click on Default for Radix, Warning Level, Macro Expansion, and Hex Output. Click Error file and List file. Tab size: 8) and the CONFIG values will be produced.  Load: Source File Name into the window as "NewIdea.asm" and click Assemble. You will get a NewIdea.hex file. Burn a PIC16F84A and put it into the Adapter Socket in your project and keep modifying the file until the project works perfectly. When it works perfectly, select 12C508A in MPASM and burn a '508A. SetUp Main   ORG 0  MOVLW 08  TRIS 06   OPTION 0DFh  GOTO Main BSF 06,5  NOP NOP etc GOTO Main ;Start of memory for program ;Load W with 0000 1000 ;Make RB3, (GP3) input ;Make GP2 an output & disable weak pull-ups  ;Make GP5 HIGH If your program requires less than 256 bytes of space (half the memory of a '508A), you will have no problems with the CALL limitation of a '508A. If your program requires more than 256 bytes (instructions), the simplest is to use the first 256 locations and if any more sub-routines are required, they are accessed as a GOTO. At the end of the sub-routine you place a GOTO to take the microcontroller back to the Main program. Remember this: any sub-routine with a GOTO can only be accessed ONCE from Main. If you want to access a sub-routine many times, put it in the first 256 locations and use CALL. Always put Tables in the first 256 locations.